// Copyright 2001-2003, FreeHEP.
package org.freehep.util.io;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

/**
 * Class to write bits to a Stream, allowing for byte synchronization. Signed,
 * Unsigned, Booleans and Floats can be written.
 * 
 * @author Mark Donszelmann
 * @author Charles Loomis
 * @version $Id: BitOutputStream.java 8584 2006-08-10 23:06:37Z duns $
 */
public class BitOutputStream extends CompressableOutputStream implements
        FinishableOutputStream {

    private int bits;

    private int bitPos;

    /**
     * Create a Bit output stream from given stream
     * 
     * @param out stream to write to
     */
    public BitOutputStream(OutputStream out) {
        super(out);

        bits = 0;
        bitPos = 0;
    }

    public void write(int b) throws IOException {
        // System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b));
        super.write(b);
    }

    public void finish() throws IOException {

        flushByte();
        if (out instanceof FinishableOutputStream) {
            ((FinishableOutputStream) out).finish();
        }
    }

    public void close() throws IOException {

        finish();
        super.close();
    }

    /**
     * A utility method to flush the next byte
     * 
     * @throws IOException if write fails
     */
    protected void flushByte() throws IOException {

        if (bitPos == 0)
            return;

        write(bits);
        bits = 0;
        bitPos = 0;
    }

    /**
     * A utility to force the next write to be byte-aligned.
     * 
     * @throws IOException if write fails
     */
    public void byteAlign() throws IOException {
        flushByte();
    }

    /**
     * Write a bit to the output stream. A 1-bit is true; a 0-bit is false.
     * 
     * @param bit value to write
     * @throws IOException if write fails
     */
    public void writeBitFlag(boolean bit) throws IOException {

        writeUBits((bit) ? 1 : 0, 1);
    }

    /**
     * Write a signed value of n-bits to the output stream.
     * 
     * @param value value to write
     * @param n number of bits to write
     * @throws IOException if write fails
     */
    public void writeSBits(long value, int n) throws IOException {

        long tmp = value & 0x7FFFFFFF;

        if (value < 0) {
            tmp |= (1L << (n - 1));
        }

        writeUBits(tmp, n);
    }

    /**
     * Write a float value of n-bits to the stream.
     * 
     * @param value value to write
     * @param n number of bits to write
     * @throws IOException if write fails
     */
    public void writeFBits(float value, int n) throws IOException {

        if (n == 0)
            return;
        long tmp = (long) (value * 0x10000);
        writeSBits(tmp, n);
    }

    /**
     * Write an unsigned value of n-bits to the output stream.
     * 
     * @param value value to write
     * @param n number of bits to write
     * @throws IOException if write fails
     */
    public void writeUBits(long value, int n) throws IOException {

        if (n == 0)
            return;
        if (bitPos == 0)
            bitPos = 8;

        int bitNum = n;

        while (bitNum > 0) {
            while ((bitPos > 0) && (bitNum > 0)) {
                long or = (value & (1L << (bitNum - 1)));
                int shift = bitPos - bitNum;
                if (shift < 0) {
                    or >>= -shift;
                } else {
                    or <<= shift;
                }
                bits |= or;

                bitNum--;
                bitPos--;
            }

            if (bitPos == 0) {
                write(bits);
                bits = 0;
                if (bitNum > 0)
                    bitPos = 8;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * calculates the minumum number of bits necessary to write number.
     * 
     * @param number number
     * @return minimum number of bits to store number
     */
    public static int minBits(float number) {
        return minBits((int) number, true) + 16;
    }

    /**
     * @param number value to calculate bits for
     * @return number of bits needed to store value
     */
    public static int minBits(long number) {
        return minBits(number, number < 0);
    }

    /**
     * @param number value to calculate bits for
     * @param signed true if the value if signed (< 0)
     * @return number of bits needed to store value
     */
    public static int minBits(long number, boolean signed) {
        number = Math.abs(number);

        long x = 1;
        int i;

        for (i = 1; i <= 64; i++) {
            x <<= 1;
            if (x > number)
                break;
        }

        return i + ((signed) ? 1 : 0);
    }
}