/*
* Redberry: symbolic tensor computations.
*
* Copyright (c) 2010-2015:
* Stanislav Poslavsky
* Bolotin Dmitriy
*
* This file is part of Redberry.
*
* Redberry is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* Redberry is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with Redberry. If not, see
* Machine:
* Processor family: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 430 @ 2.27GHz.
* -Xmx value : 3g.
* Max memory used: 1.2g.
* Java version: 1.7.0_03 HotSpot 64-bit server VM
*
* Benchmark results:
* Minimal second order : 2 s.
* Minimal fourth order : 2 s.
* Vector field : 19 s.
* Gravity ghosts : 19 s.
* Squared vector field : 313 s.
* Lambda gauge gravity : 612 s.
* Spin 3 ghosts : 920 s.
*
*
* Machine:
* Processor family: AMD Phenom(tm) II X6 1100T Processor
* -Xmx value : 3g
* Max memory used: 1.2g
* Java version: 1.7.0_04 HotSpot 64-bit server VM
*
* Benchmark results:
* Minimal second order : 1 s.
* Minimal fourth order : 1 s.
* Vector field : 14 s.
* Gravity ghosts : 14 s.
* Squared vector field : 219 s.
* Lambda gauge gravity : 521 s.
* Spin 3 ghosts : 627 s.
*
*
* @author Stanislav Poslavsky
*/
public final class Benchmarks {
private Benchmarks() {
}
private static final OutputStream dummyOutputStream = new OutputStream() {
@Override
public void write(int b) throws IOException {
}
};
private static final PrintStream defaultOutputStream = System.out;
private static void println(String str) {
defaultOutputStream.println(str);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Processor family: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 430 @ 2.27GHz.
//-Xmx value : 3g.
//Max memory used: 1.2g.
//Java version: 1.7.0_03 HotSpot 64-bit server VM
//Benchmark results:
//
//Minimal second order : 2 s.
//Minimal fourth order : 2 s.
//Vector field : 19 s.
//Gravity ghosts : 19 s.
//Squared vector field : 313 s.
//Lambda gauge gravity : 612 s.
//Spin 3 ghosts : 920 s.
//Processor family: AMD Phenom(tm) II X6 1100T Processor
//-Xmx value : 3g
//Max memory used: 1.2g
//Java version: 1.7.0_04 HotSpot 64-bit server VM
//Benchmark results:
//
//Minimal second order : 1 s.
//Minimal fourth order : 1 s.
//Vector field : 14 s.
//Gravity ghosts : 14 s.
//Squared vector field : 219 s.
//Lambda gauge gravity : 521 s.
//Spin 3 ghosts : 627 s.
//suppressing output
System.setOut(new PrintStream(dummyOutputStream));
OneLoopUtils.setUpRiemannSymmetries();
Tensors.addSymmetry("P_lm", IndexType.LatinLower, false, 1, 0);
//burning JVM
burnJVM();
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.start();
testMinimalSecondOrderOperator();
println("Minimal second order : " + timer.elapsedTimeInSeconds() + " s.");
timer.restart();
testMinimalFourthOrderOperator();
println("Minimal fourth order : " + timer.elapsedTimeInSeconds() + " s.");
timer.restart();
testVectorField();
println("Vector field : " + timer.elapsedTimeInSeconds() + " s.");
timer.restart();
testGravityGhosts();
println("Gravity ghosts : " + timer.elapsedTimeInSeconds() + " s.");
timer.restart();
testSquaredVectorField();
println("Squared vector field : " + timer.elapsedTimeInSeconds() + " s.");
timer.restart();
testLambdaGaugeGravity();
println("Lambda gauge gravity : " + timer.elapsedTimeInSeconds() + " s.");
timer.restart();
testSpin3Ghosts();
println("Spin 3 ghosts : " + timer.elapsedTimeInSeconds() + " s.");
timer.restart();
}
/**
* Warm up the JVM.
*/
public static void burnJVM() {
testVectorField();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
testMinimalFourthOrderOperator();
println("JVM warmed up.");
}
static class Timer {
private long start, stop;
public Timer() {
}
void start() {
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
long elapsedTime() {
return System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
}
long elapsedTimeInSeconds() {
return (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) / 1000;
}
void restart() {
start();
}
}
/**
* This method calculates one-loop counterterms of the vector field in the
* non-minimal gauge.
*/
public static void testVectorField() {
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_a^b=d_a^b+c*n_a*n^b");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^{lm}_a^{b}=g^{lm}*d_{a}^{b}-k/2*(g^{lb}*d_a^m+g^{mb}*d_a^l)");
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^p^l_m=0");
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W^{a}_{b}=P^{a}_{b}+(k/2)*R^a_b");
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lmab=R_lmab");
Expression lambda = Tensors.parseExpression("k=gamma/(1+gamma)");
Expression gamma = Tensors.parseExpression("c=gamma");
iK = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(iK));
K = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(K));
S = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(S));
W = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(W));
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(2, iK, K, S, W, null, null, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates one-loop counterterms of the squared vector field
* in the non-minimal gauge.
*/
public static void testSquaredVectorField() {
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_a^b=d_a^b+(2*c+Power[c,2])*n_a*n^b");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^{lmcd}_a^{b}="
+ "d_a^b*1/3*(g^{lm}*g^{cd}+ g^{lc}*g^{md}+ g^{ld}*g^{mc})"
+ "+1/12*(-2*k+Power[k,2])*("
+ "g^{lm}*d_a^c*g^{bd}"
+ "+g^{lm}*d_a^d*g^{bc}"
+ "+g^{lc}*d_a^m*g^{bd}"
+ "+g^{lc}*d_a^d*g^{bm}"
+ "+g^{ld}*d_a^m*g^{bc}"
+ "+g^{ld}*d_a^c*g^{bm}"
+ "+g^{mc}*d_a^l*g^{bd}"
+ "+g^{mc}*d_a^d*g^{bl}"
+ "+g^{md}*d_a^l*g^{bc}"
+ "+g^{md}*d_a^c*g^{bl}"
+ "+g^{cd}*d_a^l*g^{bm}"
+ "+g^{cd}*d_a^m*g^{bl})");
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^lmpab=0");
//W^{l m }_{a }^{b } = d^{m }_{a }*R^{b l }+d^{l }_{a }*R^{b m }+g^{l b }*R_{a }^{m }+2*P_{a }^{b }*g^{l m }+-2/3*d_{a }^{b }*R^{l m }
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W^{lm}_a^b="
+ "2*P_{a}^{b}*g^{lm}-2/3*R^lm*d_a^b"
+ "-k/2*P_a^l*g^mb"
+ "-k/2*P_a^m*g^lb"
+ "-k/2*P^bl*d^m_a"
+ "-k/2*P^bm*d^l_a"
+ "+1/6*(k-2*Power[k,2])*("
+ "R_a^l*g^mb"
+ "+R_a^m*g^lb"
+ "+R^bl*d^m_a"
+ "+R^bm*d^l_a)"
+ "+1/6*(2*k-Power[k,2])*"
+ "(R_a^lbm+R_a^mbl)"
+ "+1/2*(2*k-Power[k,2])*g^lm*R_a^b");
Expression N = Tensors.parseExpression("N^pab=0");
Expression M = Tensors.parseExpression("M_a^b = "
+ "P_al*P^lb-1/2*R_lmca*R^lmcb"
+ "+k/2*P_al*R^lb"
+ "+k/2*P_lm*R^l_a^mb"
+ "+1/6*(k-2*Power[k,2])*R_al*R^lb"
+ "+1/12*(4*k+7*Power[k,2])*R_lam^b*R^lm"
+ "+1/4*(2*k-Power[k,2])*R_almc*R^clmb");
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lmab=R_lmab");
Expression lambda = Tensors.parseExpression("k=gamma/(1+gamma)");
Expression gamma = Tensors.parseExpression("c=gamma");
iK = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(iK));
K = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(K));
S = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(S));
W = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(W));
M = (Expression) gamma.transform(lambda.transform(M));
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(4, iK, K, S, W, N, M, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates ghosts contribution to the one-loop counterterms
* of the gravitational field in the non-minimal gauge. The gauge fixing
* term in LaTeX notation:
*
* S_{gf} = -1/2 \int d^4 x \sqrt{-g} g_{\mu\nu} \chi^\mu \chi^\nu,
* where
* \chi^\mu = 1/\sqrt{1+\lambda} (g^{\mu\alpha} \nabla^\beta h_{\alpha\beta}-1/2 g^{\alpha\beta} \nabla^\mu h_{\alpha\beta})
*
*/
public static void testGravityGhosts() {
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_a^b=d_a^b+gamma*n_a*n^b");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^{lm}_a^{b}=d_a^b*g^lm-1/2*beta*(d_a^l*g^mb+d_a^m*g^lb)");
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^p^l_m=0");
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W^{a}_{b}=(1+beta/2)*R^a_b");
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lmab=R_lmab");
Expression beta = Tensors.parseExpression("beta=gamma/(1+gamma)");
iK = (Expression) beta.transform(iK);
K = (Expression) beta.transform(K);
S = (Expression) beta.transform(S);
W = (Expression) beta.transform(W);
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(2, iK, K, S, W, null, null, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates the main contribution to the one-loop counterterms
* of the gravitational field in the non-minimal gauge. The gauge fixing
* term in LaTeX notation:
*
* S_{gf} = -1/2 \int d^4 x \sqrt{-g} g_{\mu\nu} \chi^\mu \chi^\nu,
* where
* \chi^\mu = 1/\sqrt{1+\lambda} (g^{\mu\alpha} \nabla^\beta h_{\alpha\beta}-1/2 g^{\alpha\beta} \nabla^\mu h_{\alpha\beta})
*
*/
public static void testLambdaGaugeGravity() {
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_ab^cd = "
+ "(d_a^c*d_b^d+d_b^c*d_a^d)/2+"
+ "la/2*("
+ "d_a^c*n_b*n^d"
+ "+d_a^d*n_b*n^c"
+ "+d_b^c*n_a*n^d"
+ "+d_b^d*n_a*n^c)"
+ "-la*g^cd*n_a*n_b");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^lm_ab^cd = "
+ "g^lm*(d_a^c*d_b^d+d_b^c*d_a^d)/2"
+ "-la/(4*(1+la))*("
+ "d_a^c*d_b^l*g^dm"
+ "+d_a^c*d_b^m*g^dl"
+ "+d_a^d*d_b^l*g^cm"
+ "+d_a^d*d_b^m*g^cl"
+ "+d_b^c*d_a^l*g^dm"
+ "+d_b^c*d_a^m*g^dl"
+ "+d_b^d*d_a^l*g^cm"
+ "+d_b^d*d_a^m*g^cl)"
+ "+la/(2*(1+la))*g^cd*(d_a^l*d_b^m+d_a^m*d_b^l)");
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^p_{ab}^{cd}=0");
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W_{ab}^{cd}=P_ab^cd"
+ "-la/(2*(1+la))*(R_a^c_b^d+R_a^d_b^c)"
+ "+la/(4*(1+la))*("
+ "d_a^c*R_b^d"
+ "+d_a^d*R_b^c"
+ "+d_b^c*R_a^d"
+ "+d_b^d*R_a^c)");
Expression P = Tensors.parseExpression("P_cd^lm = "
+ "R_c^l_d^m+R_c^m_d^l"
+ "+1/2*("
+ "d_c^l*R_d^m"
+ "+d_c^m*R_d^l"
+ "+d_d^l*R_c^m"
+ "+d_d^m*R_c^l)"
+ "-g^lm*R_cd"
+ "-R^lm*g_cd"
+ "+(-d_c^l*d_d^m-d_c^m*d_d^l+g^lm*g_cd)*R/2");
W = (Expression) P.transform(W);
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lm^kd_pr = "
+ "R^k_plm*d^d_r+R^d_rlm*d^k_p");
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(2, iK, K, S, W, null, null, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates one-loop counterterms of the second order minimal
* operator.
*/
public static void testMinimalSecondOrderOperator() {
//TIME = 6.1 s
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_a^b=d_a^b");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^lm_a^b=d_a^b*g^{lm}");
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^lab=0");
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W_a^b=W_a^b");
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lmab=F_lmab");
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(2, iK, K, S, W, null, null, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates one-loop counterterms of the second order minimal
* operator in Barvinsky and Vilkovisky notation (Phys. Rep. 119 ( 1985)
* 1-74 ).
*/
public static void testMinimalSecondOrderOperatorBarvinskyVilkovisky() {
//TIME = 4.5 s
//Phys. Rep. 119 ( 1985) 1-74
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_a^b=d_a^b");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^lm_a^b=d_a^b*g^{lm}");
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^lab=0");
//here P^... from BV equal to W^...
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W_a^b=W_a^b-1/6*R*d_a^b");
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lmab=F_lmab");
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(2, iK, K, S, W, null, null, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates one-loop counterterms of the fourth order minimal
* operator.
*/
public static void testMinimalFourthOrderOperator() {
//TIME = 6.2 s
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_a^b=d_a^b");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^{lmcd}_a^{b}="
+ "d_a^b*1/3*(g^{lm}*g^{cd}+ g^{lc}*g^{md}+ g^{ld}*g^{mc})");
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^lmpab=0");
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W^{lm}_a^b=0*W^{lm}_a^b");
Expression N = Tensors.parseExpression("N^pab=0*N^pab");
Expression M = Tensors.parseExpression("M_a^b = 0*M_a^b");
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lmab=F_lmab");
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(4, iK, K, S, W, N, M, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates ghosts contribution to the one-loop counterterms
* of the theory with spin = 3.
*/
public static void testSpin3Ghosts() {
//TIME = 990 s
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression(
"iK^{ab}_{lm} = P^{ab}_{lm}-1/4*c*g_{lm}*g^{ab}+"
+ "(1/4)*b*(n_{l}*n^{a}*d^{b}_{m}+n_{l}*n^{b}*d^{a}_{m}+n_{m}*n^{a}*d^{b}_{l}+n_{m}*n^{b}*d^{a}_{l})+"
+ "c*(n_{l}*n_{m}*g^{ab}+n^{a}*n^{b}*g_{lm})"
+ "-c*b*n_{l}*n_{m}*n^{a}*n^{b}");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression(
"K^{lm}^{ab}_{cd} = g^{lm}*P^{ab}_{cd}+"
+ "(1+2*beta)*((1/4)*(d^{l}_{c}*g^{a m}*d^{b}_{d} + d^{l}_{d}*g^{a m}*d^{b}_{c}+d^{l}_{c}*g^{b m}*d^{a}_{d}+ d^{l}_{d}*g^{b m}*d^{a}_{c})+"
+ "(1/4)*(d^{m}_{c}*g^{a l}*d^{b}_{d} + d^{m}_{d}*g^{a l}*d^{b}_{c}+d^{m}_{c}*g^{b l}*d^{a}_{d}+ d^{m}_{d}*g^{b l}*d^{a}_{c}) -"
+ "(1/4)*(g_{cd}*g^{l a}*g^{m b}+g_{cd}*g^{l b}*g^{m a})-"
+ "(1/4)*(g^{ab}*d^{l}_{c}*d^{m}_{d}+g^{ab}*d^{l}_{d}*d^{m}_{c})+(1/8)*g^{lm}*g_{cd}*g^{ab})");
Expression P = Tensors.parseExpression(
"P^{ab}_{lm} = (1/2)*(d^{a}_{l}*d^{b}_{m}+d^{a}_{m}*d^{b}_{l})-(1/4)*g_{lm}*g^{ab}");
iK = (Expression) P.transform(iK);
K = (Expression) P.transform(K);
Expression consts[] = {
Tensors.parseExpression("c=(1+2*beta)/(5+6*beta)"),
Tensors.parseExpression("b=-(1+2*beta)/(1+beta)")
};
for (Expression cons : consts) {
iK = (Expression) cons.transform(iK);
K = (Expression) cons.transform(K);
}
Expression S = (Expression) Tensors.parse("S^p^{ab}_{lm}=0");
Expression W = (Expression) Tensors.parse("W^{ab}_{lm}=0");
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lmabcd=0");
Transformation[] ds = OneLoopUtils.antiDeSitterBackground();
Transformation[] tr = new Transformation[ds.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(ds, 0, tr, 0, ds.length);
tr[tr.length - 1] = FactorTransformation.FACTOR;
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(2, iK, K, S, W, null, null, F, tr);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
/**
* This method calculates the main contribution to the one-loop counterterms
* of the gravitational field in general the non-minimal gauge. The gauge
* fixing term in LaTeX notation:
*
* S_{gf} = -1/2 \int d^4 x \sqrt{-g} g_{\mu\nu} \chi^\mu \chi^\nu,
* where
* \chi^\mu = 1/\sqrt{1+\lambda} (g^{\mu\alpha} \nabla^\beta h_{\alpha\beta}-(1+\beta)/2 g^{\alpha\beta} \nabla^\mu h_{\alpha\beta})
*
*/
public static void testNonMinimalGaugeGravity() {
Expression iK = Tensors.parseExpression("iK_ab^cd = "
+ "(d_a^c*d_b^d+d_b^c*d_a^d)/2-"
+ "la/2*("
+ "d_a^c*n_b*n^d"
+ "+d_a^d*n_b*n^c"
+ "+d_b^c*n_a*n^d"
+ "+d_b^d*n_a*n^c)"
+ "-ga*(g_ab*n^c*n^d+g^cd*n_a*n_b)"
+ "-1/2*g_ab*g^cd"
+ "+2*ga*(ga*la-2*ga+2*la)*n_a*n_b*n^c*n^d");
Expression K = Tensors.parseExpression("K^lm_ab^cd = "
+ "g^lm*(d_a^c*d_b^d+d_b^c*d_a^d)/2"
+ "-la/(4*(1+la))*("
+ "d_a^c*d_b^l*g^dm"
+ "+d_a^c*d_b^m*g^dl"
+ "+d_a^d*d_b^l*g^cm"
+ "+d_a^d*d_b^m*g^cl"
+ "+d_b^c*d_a^l*g^dm"
+ "+d_b^c*d_a^m*g^dl"
+ "+d_b^d*d_a^l*g^cm"
+ "+d_b^d*d_a^m*g^cl)"
+ "+(la-be)/(2*(1+la))*(g^cd*(d_a^l*d_b^m+d_a^m*d_b^l)+g_ab*(g^cl*g^dm+g^cm*g^dl))"
+ "+g^lm*g_ab*g^cd*(-1+(1+be)**2/(2*(1+la)))");
K = (Expression) Tensors.parseExpression("be = ga/(1+ga)").transform(K);
Expression S = Tensors.parseExpression("S^p_{ab}^{cd}=0");
Expression W = Tensors.parseExpression("W_{ab}^{cd}=P_ab^cd"
+ "-la/(2*(1+la))*(R_a^c_b^d+R_a^d_b^c)"
+ "+la/(4*(1+la))*("
+ "d_a^c*R_b^d"
+ "+d_a^d*R_b^c"
+ "+d_b^c*R_a^d"
+ "+d_b^d*R_a^c)");
Expression P = Tensors.parseExpression("P_ab^lm ="
+ "1/4*(d_a^c*d_b^d+d_a^d*d_b^c-g_ab*g^cd)"
+ "*(R_c^l_d^m+R_c^m_d^l-g^lm*R_cd-g_cd*R^lm"
+ "+1/2*(d^l_c*R^m_d+d^m_c*R_d^l+d^l_d*R^m_c+d^m_d*R^l_c)"
+ "-1/2*(d^l_c*d^m_d+d^m_c*d^l_d)*(R-2*LA)+1/2*g_cd*g^lm*R)");
P = (Expression) ExpandTransformation.expand(P,
EliminateMetricsTransformation.ELIMINATE_METRICS,
Tensors.parseExpression("R_{l m}^{l}_{a} = R_{ma}"),
Tensors.parseExpression("R_{lm}^{a}_{a}=0"),
Tensors.parseExpression("R_{l}^{l}= R"));
W = (Expression) P.transform(W);
Expression F = Tensors.parseExpression("F_lm^kd_pr = "
+ "R^k_plm*d^d_r+R^d_rlm*d^k_p");
OneLoopInput input = new OneLoopInput(2, iK, K, S, W, null, null, F);
OneLoopCounterterms action = OneLoopCounterterms.calculateOneLoopCounterterms(input);
}
}
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